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Aquaculture
The ability of GSA zeolites to chemically reduce ammonia is accomplished by the adsorption of ammonium on the natural zeolite thereby shifting the NH4 - NH3 equilibrium in the aqueous solution and reducing the potential for NH3 toxicity. When the optimum quantity of GSA zeolites is used, the NH4 level is reduced at a rate highly dependent upon the rate of water movement. The actual quantity of natural zeolites required depends upon water pH, water temperature, water volume, fish species, concentration of fish population, water quality and the rate of water flow through the zeolite bed. Regeneration of the natural zeolite is accomplished with a brine solution which allows for the continuous reuse of the ion exchange bed. Actual specifications for use and regeneration are available through a number of GSA distributors. A variety of systems have been designed and engineered utilizing GSA zeolites in the reduction of ammonia in fish rearing environments.
Variations of this basic use are available for home and commercial aquarium as well as fish transportation systems. In the trans-shipment of fish, GSA zeolites allow the safe transport of more fish over a longer period of time. As a substrate in biological filters, GSA zeolites are remarkably effective as well. They provide a suitable habitat for the growth of the bacterial populations required in the breakdown of NH4 to NO3 and remain effective as chemical filters capable of modifying fluctuations in the systems NH4 levels. This property actually enhances the biological functions making NH4 available to bacteria at a more stable level, thus enabling this population to remain abundant during periods of low NH4 contamination. The bacterial population may then better respond to dramatic changes in concentration. This unique mineral has other diversified uses for which the following Web Pages are available:
Information herein is accurate to the best of our knowledge. Suggestions are made without warranty or guarantee of results. Before using, user should determine the suitability of the product for his intended use and user assumes the risk and liability in connection therewith. We do not suggest violation of any existing patents or give permission to practice any patented invention without a license. |
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The unique properties of these naturally occurring
minerals make GSA zeolites beneficial in a variety of end uses in aquaculture. Their high
cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) allows them to be an excellent medium for the removal of
toxic ammonia by way of ion exchange as a physical/chemical filter, or for bacterial
breakdown as a substrate in a biological filter. Plus, the affinity of some GSA zeolites
for nitrogen makes them capable of producing oxygen enriched air for water system
aeration.
